no與not的幾個(gè)區(qū)別
區(qū)別一:no是形容詞,可直接放在名詞之前。但若名詞前已有the, a(n),any, much, enough等詞,則用副詞not。如:
正:I have no (=not any) money. 我沒有錢。
正:I haven't much money. 我沒有很多錢。
誤:I have no much (no any) money.
區(qū)別二:與形容詞或副詞的比較級連用時(shí)要注意:用not屬于一般比較結(jié)構(gòu),意為“比不上”或“不如”;用no則情況比較特殊,一般說來“no+形容詞或副詞比較級+than”所表示的意思是該形容詞或副詞的相反含義。如:
John is not better than Tom. 約翰不如湯姆好。
John is no better than Tom. 約翰和湯姆一樣不好(=壞)。
類例:no richer than = as poor as 一樣窮
no taller than = as short as 一樣矮
no later than = as early as 一樣早
區(qū)別三:在某些系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,用not只表示一般的否定,用no則語氣較強(qiáng),可譯為“決不是”。如:
He's not a poet. 他不是詩人。
He's no poet. 他決不是詩人。
區(qū)別四:no和not…any 均可表示完全否定。注意,英語習(xí)慣上不說any…not。如:
正:He hasn't any money. 他沒有錢。
正:No one came to see me. 沒有人來看過我。
誤:Any one didn't come to see me.
區(qū)別五:非謂語動詞的否定式,通常用not而不用no。如:
The teacher told him not to be late again. 老師叫他不要再遲到。
Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to her. 由于沒接到回信,他決定再給她寫一封信。
但在某些省略結(jié)構(gòu)或固定結(jié)構(gòu)中(尤其是用于命令,警告,標(biāo)牌等場合),表示“禁止”“不許”等意義時(shí),一般只用no。如:
No smoking. 禁止吸煙。
No admittance except on business. 非公莫入。