強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問(wèn)句式及回答
一、結(jié)構(gòu)分析
強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中的it is (was)…that (who)…為使一個(gè)非強(qiáng)調(diào)句變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)詞,在通常情況下,去掉它,句子依然是成立的——這是判斷一個(gè)句子是否為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的重要標(biāo)志。如下面這個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,因?yàn)槿サ鬷t was…that…后句子依然成立,且意思一致:
It was my mother who finally called the police. 最終報(bào)警的是我母親。
→My mother finally called the police. 最終報(bào)警的是我母親。
請(qǐng)看下面一句,空白處是填that還是其他的什么詞?
It was ten o'clock _______ he returned home.
此處不能填that,因?yàn)槿籼顃hat把它視為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,那么就可以去掉it was…that…而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整,意思不變,事實(shí)上并非如此,因?yàn)槲覀兪遣荒苷f(shuō)Ten o'clock he returned home的,除非改為At ten o'clock he returned home才是正確的。
比較下面兩句(第1句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,但第2句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句):
It was ten o'clock when he returned home. 他回家的時(shí)候已是10點(diǎn)鐘了。
It was at ten o'clock that he returned home. 他是10點(diǎn)鐘回家的。
二、時(shí)態(tài)一致問(wèn)題
一般說(shuō)來(lái),強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)it be…that…中的be的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與句子時(shí)態(tài)一致,即同時(shí)用現(xiàn)在時(shí),或同時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí),有時(shí)也可能用將來(lái)時(shí)。如:
It is not I who am angry. 發(fā)怒的不是我。(同時(shí)用現(xiàn)在時(shí))
It was my two sisters who knew her best. 是我的兩個(gè)姐妹最了解她。(同時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí))
It will not be you who will have to take the blame for this. 對(duì)此須受責(zé)難的將不是你。(同時(shí)用將來(lái)時(shí))
但有時(shí)也可以不一致,這主要見(jiàn)于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用it is…that…(即用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)),而句子用的是過(guò)去時(shí)。如:
It is Miss Williams who enjoyed reading novels as a pastime. 是威廉姆斯小姐以讀小說(shuō)來(lái)消遣。