表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的其他方法

我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)講到過(guò)，除用“will / shall+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來(lái)外，我們還可以用其他一些方法來(lái)表示將來(lái)。同樣地，對(duì)于過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)而言，我們除可用“would+動(dòng)詞原形”外，也還有一些其他的方法來(lái)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)。如：

1. was / were going to + 動(dòng)詞原形：該結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)主要用法，一是表示過(guò)去的打算，二是表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。如：

I thought it was going to rain. 我想要下雨了。

I was going to leave when he came in. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)我正要離開(kāi)。

2. was / were to + 動(dòng)詞原形：主要表示過(guò)去按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情。如：

He asked where he was to put it. 他問(wèn)他該把它放在哪里。

She said she was to get married next month. 她說(shuō)她計(jì)劃在下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。

3. was / were about to + 動(dòng)詞原形：表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，由于本身已含有“即將”的意味，所以不再表示具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：

I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 電話(huà)鈴響時(shí)我正好要上床睡。

I couldn't go to Tom's party as I was about to go into hospital. 我就要住院，所以不能參加湯姆辦的晚會(huì)了。

4. was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞：表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：

Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克說(shuō)他打算明天動(dòng)身。

She didn't say whether she was coming to lunch. 她沒(méi)有說(shuō)她是否來(lái)吃午飯。

注意，并不是所有動(dòng)詞都具有這樣的用法，通?？捎糜谠摼湫椭袆?dòng)詞是come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等瞬間動(dòng)詞。