現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時用法
表示一個持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作(這動作可能剛停止，也可能還在進(jìn)行)。
(1) 構(gòu)成：have been doing
(2) 用法：
1) 延續(xù)：表示開始于過去的活動持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且活動往往還沒有結(jié)束，將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。
I have not been sleeping well since I returned home.( “我”回家后一直都沒睡好，現(xiàn)在也沒睡好。)
I have been living in Hawaii for ten years.我在夏威夷已經(jīng)生活了十年。
She has been burning the midnight oil to prepare for GRE.她最近在熬夜準(zhǔn)備GRE考試。
Tom has been playing the online games for more than twenty hours.湯姆玩網(wǎng)游已經(jīng)超過二十個小時了。
2) 重復(fù)：到目前為止的一段時間內(nèi)重復(fù)發(fā)生的活動。
He has been going to Seattle for half a year.他在半年間經(jīng)常去西雅圖。
I have been telling you not to make trouble.我一直勸你不要找麻煩。
The old man has been repairing cars for thirty years.老人修車修了三十年了。
Jack has been practising Tai Chi for more than a year.杰克練太極一年多了。
3)表示感情色彩
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時比較生動，有時含有明顯的感情色彩。
如：What have you been doing? 表示驚異
Who's been eating my apples? 表示憤怒不滿
【典例講解】
例1：Tom ______ in the library every night over the last three months.
A.works B. worked
C. has been working D. had been working
答案：C
解析：over the last three months 的意思是“在過去的三個月期間”，這類時間狀語通常與現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時連用，四個選項(xiàng)中只有C符合此要求。
例2：Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
A.had considered B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)but she hasn't decided yet (尚未決定) 可知，從開始失業(yè)時起一直在考慮再去上學(xué)，現(xiàn)在還在考慮。表示從過去某一時刻開始一直到現(xiàn)在，并且現(xiàn)在依然在發(fā)生的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時由“have/has been doing”構(gòu)成，所以選B。