后綴-ly用法和含義
英語詞源解釋：
-ly (1)
suffix forming adjectives from nouns and meaning "having qualities of, appropriate to, fitting;" irregularly descended from Old English -lic, from P.Gmc. *-liko- (cf. Old Frisian -lik, Dutch -lijk, Old High German -lih, German -lich, Old Norse -ligr), related to *likom- "appearance, form" (cf. Old English lich "corpse, body;" see lich, which is a cognate; cf. also like (adj.), with which it is identical).
-ly (2)
adverbial suffix, Middle English, from Old English -lice, from P.Gmc. *-liko- (cf. Old Frisian -like, Old Saxon -liko, Dutch -lijk, Old High German -licho, German -lich, Old Norse -liga, Gothic -leiko); see -ly (1). Cognate with lich, and identical with like (adj.).
Weekley notes as "curious" that Germanic uses a word essentially meaning "body" for the adverbial formation, while Romanic uses one meaning "mind" (e.g. French constamment from Latin constanti mente). The modern English form emerged in late Middle English, probably from influence of Old Norse -liga.
1.ghastly
adj.causing horror of fear;death-like;pale and ill;very unsatisfactory or unpleasant 可怕的；死人般的；糟透的；令人不快的
He had a ghastly paleness to his face that belied the seriousness of his illness.
他的臉?biāo)廊舜n白，表明他病的很嚴(yán)重。
2.grisly
adj.causing horror or terror;ghastly 可怕的
The killer's confession spares none of the grisly details of the murders he had committed.
那個(gè)殺人犯的口供沒有遺漏任何他謀殺時(shí)的恐怖細(xì)節(jié)。
3.leisurely
adj.unhurred;deliberate 從容的，悠然自得的
adv.without haste or hurry 慢慢悠地；從容地，沉著地
Each morning he leisurely has his breakfast and reads the morning paper.
每天清晨他都悠閑地吃早餐、讀晨報(bào)。
4.surly
adj.bad-tempered and unfriendly 壞脾氣的，不友好的
The survey showed tourists most often complain of surly taxi drivers.
調(diào)查表明，游客最常抱怨的就是態(tài)度不友好的出租司機(jī)。