by

音標(biāo)發(fā)音

• 英式音標(biāo) [ba?]
• 美式音標(biāo) [ba?]
• 英式發(fā)音
• 美式發(fā)音

基本解釋

• prep. 由，被；通過；相差……；到……之前；在……旁邊
• adv. 經(jīng)過；（時間）過去；在旁邊；短暫訪問
• n. （體育比賽）輪空晉級
• adj. 旁邊的，側(cè)面的

詞源解說

• 直接源自古英語的be or bi，意為靠近，在，經(jīng)由，大約。

同根派生

• by相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

prep. (介詞)

• by在表示時間時,常與動詞的一般時、將來時、完成時或?qū)硗瓿蓵r連用。作“在…時候”解時,常用于by day〔night〕短語中。
• by表示方式(除作“抓住…”解時)或原因后接名詞時,名詞前通常不加冠詞。
• by表示方式作“憑著”解時,其后常接反身代詞; 作“乘”解時,后接交通工具,其前不加冠詞。
• by表示比率作“以…為單位”解時,常與表示單位的名詞或數(shù)詞連用,名詞前常用定冠詞; 作“…比…”解時,用于兩個數(shù)字之間表示面積。
• by表示累加時,前后一般用同一個名詞、數(shù)詞或副詞,名詞前不用定冠詞,且不用于復(fù)數(shù)形式。
• by表示動作者的時候,常用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
• by用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，既可以引出施動者，也可用來表示做某事的手段。

• by使用方法
• by詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作介詞 (prep.)

• On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.
  在寒冷的夜晚坐在爐火旁邊很舒服。

用作副詞 (adv.)

• She hurried by without speaking to her teacher.
  她匆匆經(jīng)過,沒有跟她的老師說話。

• by更多例句

詞組短語

用作介詞 (prep.)

動詞+～

• abide by 遵守;信守;堅持;履行
• adopt by acclamation 通過口頭表決方式通過
• brush by 觸到，擦及
• carry by acclamation 通過口頭表決方式通過
• catch sb by surprise 使某人吃驚，使驚異，使感到意外

• by更多詞組

英英字典

劍橋英英字典

• (AGENT) used to show the person or thing that does something
• (METHOD) used to show how something is done
• (POSITION) near or at the side of
• (NOT LATER THAN) not later than; at or before
• (MEASUREMENT) used to show measurements or amounts
• (DURING) during
• used when describing someone's character, job, etc.
• If something is all right/fine by someone, they agree that it can happen.
• at the side of or (in distance or time) past

柯林斯英英字典

• baba
• If you say that something such as a book, a piece of music, or a painting is by a particular person, you mean that this person wrote it or created it.
• If you do something by a particular means, you do it using that thing.
• If you achieve one thing by doing another thing, your action enables you to achieve the first thing.
• You use by in phrases such as "by chance" or "by accident" to indicate whether or not an event was planned.
• If someone is a particular type of person by nature, by profession, or by birth, they are that type of person because of their nature, their profession, or the family they were born into.
• If something must be done by law, it happens according to the law. If something is the case by particular standards, it is the case according to the standards.
• If you say what someone means by a particular word or expression, you are saying what they intend the word or expression to refer to.
• If you hold someone or something by a particular part of them, you hold that part.
• If you are by yourself, you are alone.
• If you do something by yourself, you succeed in doing it without anyone helping you.
• Someone or something that is by something else is beside it and close to it.
• By is also an adverb.
• If a person or vehicle goes by you, they move past you without stopping.
• By is also an adverb.
• If you stop by a place, you visit it for a short time.
• By is also an adverb.
• If you do something by day, you do it during the day. If you do it by night, you do it during the night.
• In arithmetic, you use by before the second number in a multiplication or division sum.
• You use by to talk about measurements of area. For example, if a room is twenty feet by fourteen feet, it measures twenty feet in one direction and fourteen feet in the other direction.
• If something increases or decreases by a particular amount, that amount is gained or lost.
• Things that are made or sold by the million or by the dozen are made or sold in those quantities.
• You use by in expressions such as "minute by minute" and "drop by drop" to talk about things that happen gradually, not all at once.

• by劍橋字典
• by柯林斯字典

專業(yè)釋義

體育

• (因一方已贏而不再打的)余穴 (= bye1)
• 漏擊得分