高考英語定語從句考點(diǎn)
一、考查關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)別
1．Finally ，the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police．（MET'87）
A．which B．what C．whatever D．that
2．All _____ is needed is a supply of oil．（MET'89）
A．the thing B．that C．what D．which
答案及簡析：
1．D。2．B。that和which都能指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，但下列情況下，常用that，不用which：①先行詞是all， everything，anything，nothing等不定代詞。②先行詞指物且被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞或all，no，only，the very，the last等脩飾。③先行詞既指人又指物。
二、考查關(guān)系代詞whose
3．A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan．（MET'86）
A．which B．his C．whose D．with
答案及簡析：
3．C。關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語，脩飾其後的名詞，意爲(wèi)“……的”。有時(shí)“whose ＋n．”可轉(zhuǎn)換爲(wèi)“n．＋of＋which ／whom”。如：
The building whose roof（＝the roof of which）we can see from here is a hotel．
This kind of book is for the students whose native language（＝the native language of whom）isn't English．
三、考查關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的差異
4．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child．（NMET'96）
A．which B．where C．that D．when
5．I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together．（NMET'95短文改錯(cuò)）
答案及簡析：
4．B。5．去掉when或when→that／which。如何選用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞呢？關(guān)鍵是看先行詞在定語從句中作什麼成分。決不能衹按先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞就用 where，先行詞是時(shí)間名詞就用when，先行詞是reason就用why。有時(shí)，命題者還會(huì)在先行詞與引導(dǎo)詞之間加入附加成分，影響考生正常解題思路，做題時(shí)，要特別注意。
四、考查“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”
6．He paid the boy ＄10 for washing ten windows， most of _____ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year．（MET'90）
A．these B．those C．that D．which
答案及簡析：
6．D。“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞一般衹有which，whom。先行詞是物時(shí)，用which，先行詞是人時(shí)，用whom。介詞的選定一般依據(jù)下列三點(diǎn)：①看定語從句中的形容詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成固定搭配②看先行詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成習(xí)慣搭配③看定語從句中的動(dòng)詞與哪一個(gè)介詞組成習(xí)慣搭配。
五、考查非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別
7．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，_____ ，of course，made the others unhappy．（NMET2000）
A．who B．which C．this D．what
8．I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the country with the farmers，_____ has a great effect on my life．（上海94）
A．that；which B．when；which C．which；that D．when；who
答案及簡析：7．B。8．B。原因見本期第2麪。
六、考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
9．_____ is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month．（NMET2001）
A．It B．As C．That D．What
答案及簡析：
9．B。as，which均可用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代替整個(gè)主句，但as引出的從句可放在句首、句中或句末，which引出的從句通常衹能放在主句後麪。