后綴-ant 含義、詞源和詞例
1)與動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞根相結(jié)合,構(gòu)成形容詞,其意思相當(dāng)于that ~s(...的),其作用相當(dāng)于英語中表示現(xiàn)在分詞的詞尾-ing。
2)加在動(dòng)詞后,構(gòu)成名詞,意思相當(dāng)于a person or thing that ~s,表示該動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)者(人或物)。注意,凡以-ant 結(jié)尾的形容詞常有與之對應(yīng)的以-ance或-ancy結(jié)尾的名詞。
先介紹動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞根與-ant構(gòu)成形容詞的例子。
1.accordant
adj.一致的;調(diào)和的
舉例:What he did is accordant with what he said. 他的言行是一致的。
2.triumphant
adj.勝利的;成功的
舉例:The triumphant army marched into the enemy capital.獲勝的軍隊(duì)開進(jìn)了敵國的首都。
3.distant [
adj.遠(yuǎn)的,遠(yuǎn)離的
舉例:The sun is distant from the earth.太陽離地球很遠(yuǎn)。
4.errant [err = to wander 漫游,離開正道;-ant →“漫游的,離開正道的”→]
adj.周游的;漂泊的;走入岐途的;錯(cuò)誤的
舉例:He went to the casino to bring back his errant son.他到賭場將那走邪道的兒子帶回家。
5.vacant [vac = to be empty 空;-ant → ]
adj.空的;未被占用的,閑置的
舉例:He tried to find a vacant seat for his mother.他想找個(gè)空位子給母親坐。
下面介紹幾個(gè)用-ant作名詞的派生詞。
1.assistant
n.助手;幫手
舉例:I was her assistant in the library for a time.有段時(shí)間我曾在圖書館當(dāng)她的助手。
2.disinfectant
n.消毒劑
舉例:Alcohol is a common disinfectant.酒精是種常用的消毒劑。
3.merchant [merch = to trade 經(jīng)商;-ant →]
adj.商人
舉例:Some merchants do their business mostly with foreign countries. 有些商人主要做國外生意。
4.pendant [
n.垂飾
舉例:He bought a pair of ear pendants for her. 他為她買了一對耳墜子。