with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
1、with+賓語(yǔ)+不定式
通常表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或在當(dāng)時(shí)看來(lái)尚未發(fā)生。如:
The person with the most to lose is the director. 損失最大的是主任。
With all this work to do, I won't have time to go out. 有這么多工作要做,我就沒(méi)有時(shí)間出去了。
2、with+賓語(yǔ)+用現(xiàn)在分詞
指動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或在當(dāng)時(shí)看來(lái)已是一種在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。如:
He soon fell asleep with the light still burning. 燈還亮著他很快就睡著了。
The day was bright, with a fresh breeze blowing. 天氣晴朗吹著一股清風(fēng)。
注:正如進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)有時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)意義一樣,有時(shí)“現(xiàn)在分詞”也可表示將來(lái)意義。如:
With winter coming on, it's time to buy warm clothes. 冬天就要到了,該買(mǎi)暖和衣裳了。
3、with+賓語(yǔ)+用過(guò)去分詞
指與其前的名詞或代詞為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。如:
She sat with her head bent. 她低著頭坐在那里。
I dare you to run across the road with your eyes shut. 我量你不敢閉著眼睛跑過(guò)馬路。