非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
1. 不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
由“to be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：
He needs to be taken care of. 他需要人照顧。
Not a sound was to be heard. 聽(tīng)不到一點(diǎn)聲音。
It’s better to be prepared than unprepared. 有準(zhǔn)備比沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好。
【注】有時(shí)用不定式的完成體被動(dòng)式(to have been+過(guò)去分詞)：
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想讓人把結(jié)果早點(diǎn)告訴我。
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
由“being+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：
The building being repaired is our library. 正在維修的那座樓是我們的圖書(shū)館。
Being protected by a wall，he felt quite safe. 有一堵墻保護(hù)，他感到很安全。
He was seen being taken away by the police. 有人看見(jiàn)他被警察帶走了。
【注】有時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成體被動(dòng)式(having been+過(guò)去分詞)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因?yàn)檠?qǐng)我去講話，我明天就得做準(zhǔn)備。
3. 動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
由“being+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：
She likes being looked at. 她喜歡被人瞧。
He objected to being treated as a child. 他反對(duì)被當(dāng)成孩子看待。
This question is far from being settled. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)解決。
4. 過(guò)去分詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式
過(guò)去分詞本身可以表示被動(dòng)意義，但它沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如：
The door remained locked. 門(mén)仍然鎖著。