near的用法以及是否后接介詞to
1. 用作形容詞,意為“臨近的”;用作副詞,意為“在附近”;用作介詞,意為“在……附近”。如:
Christmas is getting near. 圣誕節(jié)快要到了。
They live quite near. 她們住得相當(dāng)近。
Our school is near the river. 我們學(xué)校在河的附近。
2. 由于可同時用作介詞和形容詞,所以要表示“靠近某處”,其后可以連用介詞 to, 也可以不用;從使用的具體情況來看,near之后不用to的情況居多;而nearer, nearest 之后用介詞 to 的情況居多。如:
He stood near (to) the door. 他站在門附近。
Who lives nearest (to) the school? 誰家離學(xué)校最近?
I tried to get nearer (to) the fire. 我試圖向火邊靠近些。
Call me again nearer (to) the time of the meeting. 接近開會的時候再給我來個電話。
若用于引申用法,則通常帶有介詞to。如:
She was [came] near to tears. 她差點兒哭了。
由于其中的to是介詞,所以后接動詞時要用動名詞。如:
She came near to crying. 她差點兒哭了。
I came very near to hitting him. 我差點要動手打他了。
這樣用時動名詞前的介詞to有時也可以省略,但遠(yuǎn)不如保留to常見。
3. 用于near at hand,表示“即將到來”“在近旁”。如:
The meeting is near at hand. 會議即將開始。
I always keep my telephone near at hand. 我總是將手機(jī)放在隨手可拿到的地方。