It is that/who 強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型用法詳解
當(dāng)需要強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們常用“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who...”這樣的句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以換用who。如何區(qū)分這種強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型與that從句？如果把這種句型中的句型結(jié)構(gòu)部分(It is/was...that/who...)劃掉后，是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子即是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
He read three books in the library yesterday.
我們分別可以強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：
It was he who(that)read three books in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))
It was three books that he read in the library yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))
It was in the library that he read three books yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))
It was yesterday that he read three books in the library.(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))
在使用It is/was...that/who...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1、當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，可用that，也可以用who;指物時(shí)，只能用that,如：
It was Tom who(that)I met last week.我上周遇見(jiàn)的就是湯姆。
It is a new boke that his brother wants to buy.他的弟弟就想買(mǎi)一個(gè)新博客。
2、強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，只有that,不用when、where，如：
It is at 5 o'clock that the train will arrive. 五點(diǎn)鐘是火車(chē)到達(dá)的時(shí)間。
3、被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是主語(yǔ)時(shí)，注意主謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)保持一致，如：
It is he who is late. 是他遲到了。
It is they that were late.是他們遲到了。
4、一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句為“Is (was) it + that...?”；特殊疑問(wèn)句為：“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ is (was) +that...?”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
Was it ten years ago that his father died?（他的父親是十年前去世的嗎？）
When is it that you will set off?（你到底什么時(shí)候出發(fā)？）
It is/was...that/who...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型擴(kuò)展講解
1、It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that ...
該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)”直到...才..”，可以說(shuō)是 not ... until ... 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....
該句型中it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為”清楚（顯然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。
It is very clear that he's round and tall like a tree.
= That he's round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ...
該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ...
該句型中的it 仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為”據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉．．．）”。
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ...
該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that 后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省。常譯為”據(jù)建議；有命令．．．）
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.
It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...
該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為”竟然”。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！
It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！
8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...
該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是① 常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬．② 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為”是（正是）．．．的時(shí)侯．．．”。
It is time that children should go to bed.
= It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ...
該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。
至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換．常譯為”是第一（二）．．．次．．．”。
It is the first time I have been here.
= This is the first time I have been here.