This與That用法對(duì)比
1. this 表示“這”,指較近的人或物;that 表示“那”,指較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。如:
I want this book, not that book. 我要這本書,不是那本書。
This rope is longer than that one. 這根繩子比那根長(zhǎng)。
2. 用來回指上文提到的事情時(shí),兩者都可以。如:
They're students, not teachers. You know this [that], of course. 他們是學(xué)生,不是老師,這點(diǎn)你當(dāng)然清楚。
John had a bad cold. That [This] was why he didn't turn up. 約翰患了重感冒,這(那)就是他沒有來的原因。
若要指下文敘述的事情,通常要用 this。如:
I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道這一點(diǎn):他是否很健康。
3. 在打電話時(shí),通常用 this 指自己,用 that 指對(duì)方。如:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是約翰嗎?
但在美國(guó)英語中指對(duì)方時(shí)也可用 this。
4. 兩者都可用作副詞,與形容詞或副詞連用,其義為“這么”“那么”(=so)。如:
It isn't all that cold. 還沒冷到那種程度。
I didn't realize she was that ill. 我沒想到她病得那么重。
The book is about this thick. 那本書大約有這么厚。
I didn't think it would be this easy. 我沒想到會(huì)這樣容易。